By Fred Cicetti
Q. What is acetaminophen and why do I see it listed on so many products in my medicine cabinet?
Acetaminophen is the most widely used pain-reliever and fever-reducer in the world. It is an ingredient in more than 100 products. Tylenol is the best known over-the-counter (OTC) acetaminophen product. It is also a component of well-known prescription drugs such as Darvocet and Percocet. Acetaminophen also is known as paracetamol and N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP).
Acetaminophen is available without a prescription. Follow the directions on the package label carefully. If your doctor prescribes it for you, the prescription label will tell you how often to take it.
Taking too much acetaminophen can lead to liver damage. The risk for liver damage may be increased if you drink three or more alcoholic drinks while using medicines that contain acetaminophen. When dosing recommendations are followed, the risk of liver toxicity is extremely small.
Adults should not take more than 3,000 mg of acetaminophen a day. You should take less if you are over 65 years old. Taking more can lead to severe overdose problems. If you have liver or kidney disease, you should discuss the use of this drug with your health care provider.
Acetaminophen is one of the most common pharmaceutical agents involved in overdose, as reported to the American Association of Poison Control Centers. One of the problems with acetaminophen is its widespread use. Check your medicine cabinet to see what products contain acetaminophen. Then, if you’re taking more than one medication, be sure you don’t exceed the maximum daily dose.
Acetaminophen should not be taken for high fever, for fever lasting more than 3 days, or for recurrent fever without a doctor’s supervision.
Related: The Healthy Geezer: Why is High Blood Pressure the Silent Killer?
There are basically two types of OTC pain relievers. Some contain acetaminophen and others contain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Examples of OTC NSAIDs are aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil), and naproxen sodium (Aleve).
NSAIDs are associated with stomach distress. You should talk to your doctor before using NSAIDS if you are over 60, taking prescription blood thinners, have stomach ulcers or other bleeding problems.
NSAIDs can also cause damage to the kidneys. The risk of kidney damage may increase in people who are over 60, have high blood pressure, heart disease or pre-existing kidney disease, and people who are taking a diuretic.
You should talk with your healthcare professional if you have questions about using an OTC medicine before using it in combination with other medicines – either OTC or prescription medicine. Combining prescription medicines and OTC medicines can lead to problematic drug interactions. All older adults should consult their doctors before taking any OTC medication or herbal.
Often, older adults use many drugs at the same time, including prescription and OTC drugs. They also process drugs differently than younger adults. This is why older adults need to talk to their doctor and be especially careful about drug-drug interactions.
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